Western Australia in Space
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| - | Space activity locations | + | Western Australia has a surprisingly long association with space communications and research for a variety of reasons according to each project. These range from its geographical location, its political stability to its wide-open spaces free from radio pollution. |
| - | 1950s Talgarno (Eighty Mile Beach) & Giles Weather Station | + | ===Talgarno) & Giles Weather Station=== |
| - | Down-range end of Woomera Rocket Range: some minor rocket firings from Talgarno. | + | 1950s: at down-range end of Woomera Rocket Range; some minor rocket firings from Talgarno (Eighty Mile Beach) midway between Port Hedland and Broome. |
| - | 1960-63 NASA Muchea Tracking Station (MUC) – nr Perth | + | ===NASA Muchea Tracking Station === |
| - | - Mercury manned-space missions | + | 1960-63: at Muchea just north of Perth to support Mercury manned-space missions. |
| - | 1963-now Naval Communications Station Harold H E Holt | + | ===Naval Communications Station Harold H E Holt=== |
| - | North West Cape, Exmouth | + | 1963-present: at North West Cape, Exmouth; for very low frequency communications with below-surface submarines; |
| - | 1963-75 Carnarvon Space Tracking Station (NASA) – call sign CRO | + | === NASA Carnarvon Space Tracking Station=== |
| + | 1963-75 | ||
| - Gemini, Apollo, & Skylab manned-space missions | - Gemini, Apollo, & Skylab manned-space missions | ||
| - Goddard R&RR scientific missions | - Goddard R&RR scientific missions | ||
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| - FPQ-6 Radar supporting all the above launched vehicles and various defence and interplanetary missions providing precision orbital data. It also supported various balloon programs and CSIRO’s research into the territorial habits of Wedge-tailed Eagles. | - FPQ-6 Radar supporting all the above launched vehicles and various defence and interplanetary missions providing precision orbital data. It also supported various balloon programs and CSIRO’s research into the territorial habits of Wedge-tailed Eagles. | ||
| - | 1964-1965 WRE HAD Rocket Experiments – Carnarvon & Quobba | + | ===WRE HAD Rocket Experiments=== |
| - | - high atmosphere research supported by CRO | + | 1964-65; at Carnarvon & nearby Quobba; high atmosphere research supported by Carnarvon Space Tracking Station |
| - | 1966-1986 Carnarvon Earth Station (OTC) | + | ===Carnarvon OTC Earth Station=== |
| - | 1966 - OTC-1 (Casshorn ‘sugar-scope’) contracted to NASA to support manned-space program | + | 1966-1986; OTC-1 (Casshorn ‘sugar-scope’) contracted to NASA to support manned-space program; OTC-2 (dish) to support satellite communications & NASA releasing OTC-1 for command, control, and tracking of geosynchronous communications satellite under contract to Intellsat Corporation. From 1976 OTC supported emergency command & telemetry on several NASA missions and with an additional dish and two VHF antennas was contracted to support the ESA program culminating in Giotto – the Halley’s Comet mission |
| - | 1969 – OTC-2 (dish) to support satellite communications & NASA releasing OTC-1 for command, control, and tracking of geosynchronous communications satellite under contract to Intellsat Corp(?). | + | |
| - | From 1976 OTC supported emergency command & telemetry on several NASA missions and with an additional dish and two VHF antennas was contracted to support the ESA program culminating in Giotto – the Halley’s Comet mission | + | |
| - | 1976-now Yatharraga (formerly Yaragadee) – nr Mingenew | + | ===Yatharraga=== |
| + | 1976-present (formerly Yaragadee) – nr Mingenew. | ||
| MOBLAS5, a NASA Satellite Laser Ranging Station, is now managed by AUSLIG. In 1975 a Teltrac antenna (ex CRO) was installed at Yaragadee to support the NASA-USSR Apollo-Soyuz manned-mission | MOBLAS5, a NASA Satellite Laser Ranging Station, is now managed by AUSLIG. In 1975 a Teltrac antenna (ex CRO) was installed at Yaragadee to support the NASA-USSR Apollo-Soyuz manned-mission | ||
| - | 1987-now Gnangarra Earth Station (OTC) – nr Perth | + | ===Gnangarra Earth Station (OTC) === |
| - | Improved satellite communication technology enabled OTC to relocate close to Perth making the Carnarvon station redundant. When the Carnarvon station was closed, OTC continued to support ESA at Gnangarra until ESA built its own station at New Norcia | + | 1987-present; near Perth. Improved satellite communication technology enabled OTC to relocate close to Perth making the Carnarvon station redundant. When the Carnarvon station was closed, OTC continued to support ESA at Gnangarra until ESA built its own station at New Norcia |
| + | |||
| + | ===Kojarena=== | ||
| + | 1993-present; near Geraldton; an ADSCS Defence Signals Intelligence Station. Kojarena is part of ECHELON, a US signals intelligence and analysis network. Its four dishes intercept communications from regional satellites over Asia and from international communication satellites throughout the Indian Ocean and South-East regions | ||
| - | 1993-now Kojarena, ADSCS Defence Signals Intelligence Station – nr Geraldton | ||
| - | Kojarena is part of ECHELON, a US signals intelligence and analysis network. Its four dishes intercept communications from regional satellites over Asia and from international communication satellites throughout the Indian Ocean and South-East regions | ||
| - | 1993-now Lockridge Earth Station (Optus) – nr Perth | + | ===Lockridge Earth Station (Optus) === – |
| - | Primarily for domestic communication. | + | 1993-present; near Perth; primarily for domestic communication. |
| - | 2001-now Golden Valley Observatory, Lower Chittering – nr Perth | + | ===Golden Valley Observatory===, |
| - | An ex-CRO UHF Troposcatter Communications 10-m dish has been reassembled at the observatory for the ‘Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence’ project (SETI). The search is conducted by volunteers of the Western Australian Radio Observatory group in association with Astronomy Group of Western Australia. | + | 2001-present; at Lower Chittering, near Perth. An ex-CRO UHF Troposcatter Communications 10-m dish has been reassembled at the observatory for the ‘Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence’ (SETI) project. The search is conducted by volunteers of the Western Australian Radio Observatory group in association with Astronomy Group of Western Australia. |
| - | 2002-now ESA Tracking Station – New Norcia, nr Perth | + | ===ESA Tracking Station=== |
| - | ESA built its first 30-m dish at New Norcia to support deep-space projects notably Rosetta to explore Mars. It is manned by a small team and is largely remotely controlled from ESA Control in Germany | + | 2002-present; at New Norcia, near Perth. The European Satellite Agency (ESA) built its first 30-m dish at New Norcia to support deep-space projects notably Rosetta to explore Mars. It is manned by a small team and is largely remotely controlled from ESA Control in Germany. |
| - | Proposed Mileura, Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Station – east of Meekatharra | + | ===Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Station=== |
| - | The WA government plans to establish a 25 sq. km. radio astronomy park at Mileura. It hopes this decision will strengthen the Australian bid to win the A$ 2 billion 17-nation international SKA project currently narrowed down to two locations – at Mileura, Western Australia and in South Africa. | + | Proposed; at Mileura, east of Meekatharra. The WA government plans to establish a 25 sq. km. radio astronomy park at Mileura. It hopes this decision will strengthen the Australian bid to win the A$ 2 billion 17-nation international SKA project currently narrowed down to two locations – at Mileura, Western Australia and in South Africa. |
Revision as of 06:02, 8 December 2006
Western Australia has a surprisingly long association with space communications and research for a variety of reasons according to each project. These range from its geographical location, its political stability to its wide-open spaces free from radio pollution.
Talgarno) & Giles Weather Station
1950s: at down-range end of Woomera Rocket Range; some minor rocket firings from Talgarno (Eighty Mile Beach) midway between Port Hedland and Broome.
NASA Muchea Tracking Station
1960-63: at Muchea just north of Perth to support Mercury manned-space missions.
Naval Communications Station Harold H E Holt
1963-present: at North West Cape, Exmouth; for very low frequency communications with below-surface submarines;
NASA Carnarvon Space Tracking Station
1963-75 - Gemini, Apollo, & Skylab manned-space missions - Goddard R&RR scientific missions - Solar Particle Alert Network (SPAN) telescopes, Riometer & Jupiter Monitor for research and support of the manned-space program - FPQ-6 Radar supporting all the above launched vehicles and various defence and interplanetary missions providing precision orbital data. It also supported various balloon programs and CSIRO’s research into the territorial habits of Wedge-tailed Eagles.
WRE HAD Rocket Experiments
1964-65; at Carnarvon & nearby Quobba; high atmosphere research supported by Carnarvon Space Tracking Station
Carnarvon OTC Earth Station
1966-1986; OTC-1 (Casshorn ‘sugar-scope’) contracted to NASA to support manned-space program; OTC-2 (dish) to support satellite communications & NASA releasing OTC-1 for command, control, and tracking of geosynchronous communications satellite under contract to Intellsat Corporation. From 1976 OTC supported emergency command & telemetry on several NASA missions and with an additional dish and two VHF antennas was contracted to support the ESA program culminating in Giotto – the Halley’s Comet mission
Yatharraga
1976-present (formerly Yaragadee) – nr Mingenew. MOBLAS5, a NASA Satellite Laser Ranging Station, is now managed by AUSLIG. In 1975 a Teltrac antenna (ex CRO) was installed at Yaragadee to support the NASA-USSR Apollo-Soyuz manned-mission
Gnangarra Earth Station (OTC)
1987-present; near Perth. Improved satellite communication technology enabled OTC to relocate close to Perth making the Carnarvon station redundant. When the Carnarvon station was closed, OTC continued to support ESA at Gnangarra until ESA built its own station at New Norcia
Kojarena
1993-present; near Geraldton; an ADSCS Defence Signals Intelligence Station. Kojarena is part of ECHELON, a US signals intelligence and analysis network. Its four dishes intercept communications from regional satellites over Asia and from international communication satellites throughout the Indian Ocean and South-East regions
===Lockridge Earth Station (Optus) === –
1993-present; near Perth; primarily for domestic communication.
===Golden Valley Observatory===, 2001-present; at Lower Chittering, near Perth. An ex-CRO UHF Troposcatter Communications 10-m dish has been reassembled at the observatory for the ‘Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence’ (SETI) project. The search is conducted by volunteers of the Western Australian Radio Observatory group in association with Astronomy Group of Western Australia.
ESA Tracking Station
2002-present; at New Norcia, near Perth. The European Satellite Agency (ESA) built its first 30-m dish at New Norcia to support deep-space projects notably Rosetta to explore Mars. It is manned by a small team and is largely remotely controlled from ESA Control in Germany.
Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Station
Proposed; at Mileura, east of Meekatharra. The WA government plans to establish a 25 sq. km. radio astronomy park at Mileura. It hopes this decision will strengthen the Australian bid to win the A$ 2 billion 17-nation international SKA project currently narrowed down to two locations – at Mileura, Western Australia and in South Africa.
